Sociological method is always built on suspicion and critical approach to objects. In the case of s

Programming for a long time remained the lot of scientists. bill millers menu Maintenance of complex systems and complex machines require mathematical training and a lot of patience. Over time, technology changed greatly, began to appear new programming languages. Software eats the world, so the programming is becoming increasingly important skill.
Sergey Dmitriev, Director of GameChangers: Software ate telecom, and this - already well-known story. And then it all spread to other areas. A great example: Lawrence Lessig's book Code and other Laws of Cyberspace .
As long as the programming is a professional skill, bill millers menu but is gradually coming to the masses. Learning to program in the university and academic areolas "of knowledge" - this is only a historical stage. The Internet has changed everything. But even more has changed Open Source. Became available to the program source code, the ability of practice. To know a programming language - it is skill, that is, that is acquired only in practice. Knowledge of programming language extends it - a tool that can be used ... as Lego.
Vyacheslav Webanov, technical director of the online newspaper "Paper", "To be a good programmer in the world today do not have to be a mathematician or a scientist. It does not require bill millers menu knowledge of steep algorithms: all the complex algorithms have already been written. We need to take all the pieces and build them into a structure bill millers menu that would have a set of properties and solved the problem, that was easy to maintain, bill millers menu and anyone who comes after, could understand it. This can make any. Someone better, some worse. Take the cubes and put them into a kind of tower - there does not need a special way of thinking. "
Now at the crossroads of three regions comes a new wave of research software. The philosophy of programming is not yet very developed area. Sociologists have shown the need to study it, but the inevitable technological change (literally: the interior - a program in itself) is not made.
Sociological method is always built on suspicion and critical approach to objects. In the case of software, this scheme should work in a different way: in programming, everything is open. Where there is to be found the black box (which is directed and cognition), in fact, is accessible and open. In order to understand how the software, you just have to try.
In addition, the meaning and value of software is not limited to social and not derived from it, as I would like to sociologists - is part of the culture. Therefore culturologists luckier: they increasingly understand how to work with the media, and especially bill millers menu how to do it from the inside.
In 1999, the famous mediateoretik Lev Manovich coined the term new media , denoting their digital environment. The last book Software takes command he named by analogy with Mechanization takes command: A contribution to anonymous history Siegfried Gideon, released in 1948. In their study, Manovich continues the idea of IT pioneer Alan Kay of metamediume. The bottom line is that the Software - is a tool that can create other tools. Medium to create other media.
This idea is quite simple. But appreciate its depth can fully by those who understand what it means to program. Today, new media researchers are divided into those who know how to program, and those who - no. The latter do not lose anything, but the first move on and make new discoveries. For example, a literary critic Catherine Hales, which is called the grandmother software studies, in his book My mother bill millers menu was a computer has described the possibility of using text programs as literary texts, emphasizing the relationship of code and language. bill millers menu
Computer science, in fact, not about your computer and about how we understand our thinking and what we can produce abstractions. Abstractions appear along with high-level languages. And there are two paradigms in programming, bill millers menu which show two different course of development - the imperative and declarative. The first answers the question: "how should I do?", The second gives the answer - "What should be done? '. The invention concept of the object Alan Kay became what was supposed to remove the dilemma of "how" and "what", just as the invention of Plato's concept of the idea lay claim to, to remove the dilemma of Heraclitus and Parmenides' (everything is moving all or standing still? ). Most of the software today is written in the object-oriented paradigm. Why is this important?
In the 70 years of the hardware is evolving bill millers menu faster than software, and you had to overcome this difficulty. Frederick Brooks in the article No Silver Bullet 1986 stated that there is no technology that will increase productivity, simplicity bill millers menu and reliability of the process. The invention of the PLO was the silver bullet, as conclusively proves Brad Cox. What is it all leading?
Those who advocate the spread of knowledge bill millers menu of the code may not be thinking of such deep philosophical grounds. bill millers menu Behind this is a practical bill millers menu interest: bill millers menu apply